Fractional horsepower motor and components thereof



Il Fla/2 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. Bcf/neo EJ'Pz/,ecK

R. F. SPURCK lll Flled April 7, 1948 April 2s, 195o ATTORNEYS Patented pr. 25, 1950 FRACTIONAL HORSEPOWER MOTOR AND COMPONENTS THEREOF Richard F. Spurck, Bloomington, Minn.

Application April 7, 1948, Serial No. 19,493

(Cl. S18-221) 14 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in motor circuits and the elements thereof and par ticularly to improvements in fractional horsepower motors of the single phase induction motor or split phase type. Such motors have what is ordinarily called running and starting windings of different impedances and arranged in the stator so as to produce a revolving field when both are energized in parallel during starting. The starting Winding is energized for only a few seconds during the normal start and is then opencircuited or cut-out as its the more common term.

The open-circuiting operation is usually carried out by using a mechanical switch of the centrifugal type. Centrifugal switches vary widely in different motors and the servicing of such motors requires a large stock of centrifugal switches in order to fulll the needs of various sizes of moto-rs made by the same or diiierent manufacturers. Small motor repair shops, therefore, find it necessary to stock a large and increasing variety of such starting switches, and this adds greatly t-o the cost of service or conversely decreases the speed and availability of service.

it is an object of the present invention to provide improved motor circuits and component parts, and especially to provide an improved fractional horsepower split phase motor construction wherein the starting winding is controlled by a packaged unit relay switch which is connected in the circuit and controls the starting winding. It is also an object to provide an improved compact split phase motor starting system and switch which may be used in the motor repair trade to replace the conventional centrifugally operated switch.

It is a further object of the invention to provide an improved foolproof packaged motor starting switch of sealed non-adjustable type which is so housed as to be free from contamination due to dirt, cil and grease and of such size that it can be iitted with convenience into available space within or -on the usual small split phase motor.

It is also an object to provide a small sealed capsule unit which may be used in the circuit with the running windings of motors to protect against over temperature of sustained or momentary overloads and one which is responsive to ambient temperature changes and heating due to loading.

The ordinary open centrifugal starting switch presents a distinct fire hazard in the operation of split phase motors, and this is especially true in capacitor type motors. It is an object of the invention to provide an improved motor wherein the starting switch is completely sealed and hence does not present a iire hazard.

In capacitor type motors arcing at the contacts occurs not only during the start but also during the stop for when the motor leads are disconnected with the motor still running the capacitor may stand fully charged, and it is discharged through the starting winding when the starting switch recloses as the motor stops. This produces bad arcing at the contacts and in addition the capacitor discharges through the starting winding causing a reverse torque and a forced stop which is a, distinct disadvantage where the motor is connected to a load of high inertia.

It is a further object of th-e invention to provide an improved motor circuit and system wherein the starting capacitor is quietly discharged in addition to reducing the re hazard.

Other and further objects of the invention are those inherent in the apparatus herein illustrated, described and claimed.

The invention is illustrated in the drawings in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view through an illustrative embodiment of the motor control element of the present invention;

Figures 2 and 3 are transverse sectional views taken along the lines. and in the direction of arrows 2 2 and 3 3, respectively, of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a longitudinal fragmentary sectional view taken along the line and in the direction of arrows 4 4 of Figure 1;

Figure 5 is a longitudinal sectional view along the line and in the direction of arrows 5 5 of Figure 1, the housing being removed in this view;

Figure 6 is a longitudinal sectional view corresponding to Figure 1, except that the device is energized and actuated;

Figure 7 is a side elevational view of a motor, partly broken away and, and showing the controls nested within the usual motor end-bell of the housing;

Figure 8 is a schematic circuit diagram of a motor wired and controlled according to the present invention;

Figure 9 is another schematic wiring diagram corresponding to Figure 8, except that over-temperature control for the running winding is also included;

Figure 10 is a slightly modified form of controller;

Figures 11 and 12 are details of a slightly modified form of the invention, Figure .1l being a side elevational view, partly in section and taken in the direction of arrows and along line Il ii of Figure 12, and Figure 12 being a transverse sectional view taken along the line and in the direction of arrows l2-l2 of Figure ll.

Throughout the drawings corresponding numerals reler to the same parts.

Referring to the drawings, particularly Figure 8, there is illustrated a motor l having a starting winding Il, a starting capacitor HA, where a capacitor is used, and a running winding I2 which are supplied through lines i3 and I4 and double pole switch E-i from alternating current feeders Li and L2. The double pole switch I5--I is operated by a single manual control Il and when the switch is closed, energy is supplied to lines i3 and lil and the running winding l2 is hence directly connected across the feeders L1 and Lz. In the diagrammatic illustration o f motor i9 there has been omitted the mechanical construction features, such as the construction of the stator, the rotor, bearings, etc. understood that these are oi conventional construction and that the rotor is of the usual squirrel-cage type. Likewise, the windings l land l2 are understood to be distributed around the stator in accordance with'usual practice. 'Not f al1 split phase motors use a capacitor IIA for starting. The present invention is applicable to both'types. Where no capacitor IEA is used, lead connects directly to winding Il. In

place of the usual centrifugal switch there is provided a switching `arrangement in a sealed unit, the enclosure or sealedI housing o the unit being illustrated in Figure: 8 by the dotted line 20. The unit'ZU'may be mounted within the motor housing or entirely externally and, if desired, remotely from the motor.

Referring particularly to Figures 1 6, there is illustrated one embodiment of the sealed unit relay switch 2Q which is shown diagraminatically in Figure 8. The switch 20 includes an outer container 2l, preferably of a deep drawn container having an integral bottom 22, When initially prepared the container is open at 23 and the edge of the casing at the open end is beaded down so as to s eal in thev working parts of the switch as hereinafter described. Within the container there is a bottom insulation plate 24 and an'insulating liner 25, as well as a. top insulating plate 26, a comparatively soft 'insulate ing washer 27, another insulating plate 28 and a centrally apertured metal pressure plate 29. The insulating plates 26, 21, 28 andthe centrally apertured metal washer 29 form an end closure which rests upon the edge of the insulating liner 25 and hence when the side wall. of the metal container 2| is beaded over at 23, pressure is placed upon the plate 29 and this is exerted through 28,'21, 26'and endwise through the tubular insulating liner 25 against the bottom insulating washer 24, thus forming a complete motor oil, grease andV dirt-proof container.

Through the insulating closure assembly 26-29 there extend two connection wires 30 and 3| which are shown in Figure 8, these being the only external Aconnections of the switch unit. The wires 3D and 3l are the starting switch connections for the running winding Il, Figurev 8, and replace the connections to the ordinary centrifugalswitch that is normally used for split phase induction motor starting. 'The internal construction of the starting switch is as follows: There is provided a relay generally designated 32 having a central magnetic core 33 which has the thickness shown in cross section in Figure 1 and a width shown in It Will be the cross section in Figure 4. The core member 33 is notched at 34 so as to provide a tongue 35 which extends through an aperture 3G in the end stamping 38. The extending portion of the tongue 35 is riveted over at 39 and hence the end stamping 38 is firmly attached to the core member 33.

The stamping 38 is provided with second aperture 4Q, Figures 1 and 4, through which the end of the'arma-ture generally designated 42 extends. The armature has the width W, shown in Figure 5, and is notched at 43 so as to provide an extending tongue d4 which reaches into the space formed by the end stamping. The end stamping is provided with an inturned tongue 46 which is apertured at 4'! so as to provide an attachment for the lower end oi the spring 48, ther 'upper'end of the spring being attached through a hole 4G in the end dal of the armature. The spring 48 is in tension and tends to pull the end 44 of the armature toward the attachment 46 but the movement of the armature is limited as hereinafter described. Pivoting of the armature is about the edge of the aperture in the end stamping. The aperture may be provided with a narrowed edge so as to minimize friction, if desired, .although` this is not neces,- sary for satisfactory performance of the device. The edge 59 oi the stamping 38 rests against the insulating washer 24 of the container and is firmly held therein when the, container is crimped as hereinafter described.

At the opposite end the magnetic core 33 is likewise notched at. 53 so as to lprovide an extending tongue 53. of somewhat greater length than the tongue 35. Upon the extending tongue 5G there are placed first a washer 55 oi' magnetically permeable material which is shaped so as to have an upwardly extending armature contacting'surface 56 as shown in Figure 3. The washer 55 cooperates with the core 33 so as to complete they magnetic circuit to the front end 58 of the armature 2. Lying against the pole face washer 55 there is an insulating washer 59 and` then there is placed an insulating sleeve G0 which serves to center the front end stamping generally designated 6l..

` Stamping Gl is 4generally cup-shaped but is provided with an inturned tip 62 to which the conductor in the wire 3l is attached by soldering or crimping. The stamping GI thus forms one conductor in the relay and is insulated by washers 59, 82 and sleeve'.

As shown'in the vupper part o Figure Il the stamping 6i is provided with an inturned portion 64 to which, if desired, a short bimetallic strip 55 is` riveted at 66. This strip 55, where used, operates to compensate for ambient temperature'changes. The free end of the bimetallic'strip 55 forms a. stop for the armature 42 which has an upturnedtip 55, the latter being provided with an insulating cap Gi' of rubber, ber or 'plastic which rests'against the free end ofthe binietallic strip 5 when the relay is deenergized. lflexurel of the strip G5 dueto ambient temperature changes thus varies the deenergized positionof'armature 4,2. it is also to be'noted'that'factory adjustment can be made by bending portion 64 of the end stamping El so asl to vary the setting of the Strip (i5` at any temperature. rhis provides a range of adjustment for the instrument during manufactr'ire.

It may be pointed out that in someinstanc'es it is desirable vvto eliminate the ambient temperature compensation stripG'fi` and replace it with a strip of ordinary brass or fiber or other nonmagnetic material. Where ber is used for strip 65 the insulating cap 61 may be eliminated as the ber does the insulating. Where brass is used for strip 65, cap 61 is is used. With either brass or'iiber for strip 65, the mounting permits factory adjustment of the datum position of armature 42 by bending mounting 64. When bimetal 55 is replaced by a strip of brass or fiber or the like, the unit tends to open more slowly during starts which are at low temperatures but this is not a. disadvantage because the starting windings are cooler and can then carry starting current for a longer time than when the windings are initially at a higher ambient temperature. The greater length of starting winding energization when cold is an advantage in overcoming a slow start due to congealed grease in bearings, etc.

The upturned tip 66 of the armature is apertured at 68 and through the aperture there extends a long bim'etallic strip 1I) which is attached to the surface of the armature 42 by means of rivets 1I, it being noted that the strip 10 is held in spaced relation to the armature by the spacer member 12. Electrical connection is made to the strip by means of the flexible connector 'I3 which is held against the strip 1D by the rivets 1I. The connector 13 extends sideways from the bimetallic strip 10, as shown in Figure 5, and thence extends forwardly in the unit through a series of waves 14 which lend flexibility to the strip, and is fastened to a connecting stud 16 which is insulated from the front stamping 6I. The stud 1E also holds a terminal 11 to which the lead wire 30 is also attached.

It will be noted that the bimetallic strip I0 extends through the aperture 88 in the armature, the aperture being of suiiicient size so that the strip is free to move a limited distance up and down in the aperture. The front end of the bimetallic strip 10 carries one of the contacts I8 of the device. The opposite contact 19 is carried on the strip 80 which is punched inwardly in the front end stamping 6I.

The stamping 6I is held in place by the insulating washer 82 which is in turn held tightly by the metal washer 83 that is held by the riveted over end of tongue 54, as shown at 84. In the space between the rear stamping 38 and the front pole face washer 55 there is provided the relay winding 83. rlhe size of the winding is such that it is held snugly when the assembly is riveted up as illustrated. The front edge 85 of the stamping El receives a slight thrust from the end closure insulating Washer 26 when the closure is beaded in at 23, but the thrust is not sufficient to cause any deformation of the unit and disturb any adjustment previously made. It may be noted that the insulating washer 21 can be of comparatively soft material so as to provide a snug fit around the lead-in wires 38 and 3I when pressure is applied due to the beading in at 23. The device can be hermetically sealed by a protector dip coating, and the unit is thus completely protected from dust, dirt, grease, oil and K moisture, and in addition the contacts being" The outer shell zo is provided with a widely" extending attachment ear 86 which is spot welded to the shell 22, the ear being apertured at 81 so that the device can be conveniently attached f within the end bell 880i the motor III, as shown in Figure 7. The attachment may be made by a bolt or screw 89 and the unit can be placed wherever convenient since the lead wires 30 and 3I are of sufficient length to permit the unit to be wired into the starting winding circuit. If desired, the unit can be mounted externally on the motor frame or even remotely from the motor. When the unit is mounted in or on the motor casing or elsewhere, care is taken to position the casing 20 at least Il; inch from any surrounding magnetically permeable members in order that sneak magnetic circuits shall not disturb the operation of the relay.

Referring again to Figure 1 the winding 83 is solidly connected to the lead wires 30 and 3| within the unit 20 and when the switch unit is connected, as illustrated in Figure 8, a circuit is constantly maintained from lead wire I3 through the starting winding II, thence through starting condenser I IA (where used) and thence through wire 30, winding 83, lead wire 3I and to the feeder I4. The contacts 18 and 19 are connected in shunt to the winding 83. Thus, the circuit also extends from feeder I3 through the starting winding, thence through the feed wire 3B and the ilexible strip 13 within the unit, directly to the bimetallic strip 18, thence through contacts 18 and 19 to the end stamping 6I which is connected directly to the connection Wire 3| and thence to the feed wire I4. Hence, when the contacts 18 and 19 are closed, the winding 83 of the relay is short circuited and during starting current iiows through the starting winding in an amount determined by the impedance of the starting winding circuit. It will be noted that this starting circuit includes the bimetallic strip 'I0 and hence the starting winding current flowing through the bimetallic strip 10 causes the strip to be slightly heated, and since the relay armature is at this time immovably held against strip 65, and the strip 10 is fastened at 1I-1I, as the strip 10 heats it iiexes in the direction of arrow and withdraws contact 18 from engagement with contact 19. The movement of the bimetallio strip 10 is not as abrupt and hence the slight opening of the contacts 18 and 19 thus initially makes only a slight break in the circuit, but this is enough to cause the current flowing in the circuit to be re-routed through the winding 83 of the relay which is accordingly energized. This causes the armature 42 to be snapped down against the pole piece 55. This energized position is shown in Figure 6. When this occurs the edge of the aperture 68 in the armature engages upon the upper face of the bimetallic strip 10 and draws the strip firmly away from the contact 19, thus insures wide opening of the contacts 18 and T9. Thus, while the breaking of the starting current through the starting winding II is initiated by the action of the bimetallic strip 10, the breaking of this current is made positive in that contacts 18 and 19 are widely opened by the action of the relay. The relay armaturel 42 remains operated all the while the motor I0 is energized and a slight current iiows through the starting winding I I and through the relay winding 83. This current is of negligible proportions so far as the starting winding is concerned because the impedance of the winding 83 is made large as compared with the impedance of the starting winding II. However, this current through the starting winding I I and through the relay winding 83 is of suflicient value to maintain the relay operated. and hence the armature 42 is held in the position shown in Figure 5 with the 'j 'contact 18 separated from-'the contact 19. :When the motoris stopped byV opening switch |5|6 'the armature 42 again resumesthefposition shown in Figures 1l andv8.

The bimetallicstrip* 55, when used, atords temperature compensation for variations in ambient temperature, andfthe mounting 64 also conveniently aiords a means of factory adjustment oi the unit prior lto assembly, 'regardless oi whether strip 64 is bimetal, brassnb'er or the like. As the main bimetal strip 10'is heated -or cooled due to changes in ambient temperature (when the motor ie is notrunning), there are 'i slight variations in the iiexure. Thus, as the vstrip f cools greater contact4 pressure is exerted4 and the center portionrof the strip 1|! would-tend to ex up were if not for thetem'perature compensation aiicrded bythe short strip`65 which likewise moves in the direction of arrow 9| when the ambient temperature decreases. vThis tends to lower the strip 'l as a whole and'removes the excess pressure.

The length and the temperature coefhcient of curvature of strip Gamay be selected so as to maintain any desired variation oi contact pressure between contacts 18 and 19 as the temperature varies from a predetermined ambient temperature.

In Figure 9 the unit 2D and its function is idenvtical with the unit 20 iriFigure 8 and is connected to the motori` I3 in precisely the same way l as in Figure 8. The only difference in these fig- -ures is that the' lead `I4 has beenopenedand another unit |90 connectedby'means ofconneet-ing wires |0| and'l02. stantially identical with that described with ref` The unit mois-subi erence to Figures 1 through 6 except'with the following differences:

The bimetallic strip |10 is connected as in Figures 1-6 or throughl a'iexible' connector |13 so as to carry the totalmotor current, but it has 'a coefficient of resistance which is much lower 'than strip 1S, soas'tob'e heated to a-much lesser degree by the total starting current which surges through the motorduring the short starting period. However, the strip' |1Bis always in the motor circuit and is therefore steadily heated not only by the load current but is also subject j to ambient temperature changes and-to general heating of the motor, which factor V'can be accentuated by lccatingthe unitf|03 within the casing of the motor and inthe path of th'ventile4 air of the motor,-for otherwise lin heat con ation with the interiorof the motor. The |15 then becomes responsive to'load cui' .d to temperature changes of the motor.

close proxi ing thrcugl1 the connector' |13 can thus impose heating ction to that produced bys'trip |13 itself.; and thus Thererore, when theload' current increases, the y contacts 2'53 and |19'open' and re-route'the load it through the relay" winding |83r which ingly causes the armaturev |42 to be Vdrawn j dor lwardiy and to Aopeny Widely the contacts |18 so, contacts do not re-close'untilthe ely is interrupted so as to allow armao move to itsde-energized position and strip |1D has cooled sufficiently and thenl only when .e unit i may, if desired', be'slliglitl'y' modiv`nadng theconnector |13 in the form of "y Since 'the Yconnector |13 is 'c ythe housing 0i the unit' |30 in y to strip |10, the load current flowheat upon strip |73. --Thus', ifthefunit'i'is made in the form of` al resistance it produces a lect'vwithin the housingY IDG; in addireclosure.

- the temperature conditions to'whichthe strip |10 is exposed is the resultant of ambient temperature and the heat input due-to the load current ilowing through the strip |13fand bimetal strip 21?, in series.

v'In Figure 10 there is shown a slightly modihed form of the invention in'which the armature 242 does not carry the main bimetallic strip. IThe position of the armature is in this unit determined by an ambient temperaturecompensat- The lug extends downwardly and forms'a lug 236 is apertured at 269 and through the aperture there protrudes the main bimetallic lstrip 210 which is attached to the rear metal stamping 238 but is insulated therefrom as indicated at 212. In this form of theinvention the circuit is through lines 23| and thence directly through connection l232 to the bimetallic strip 21'0 and thence through the strip. Since strip 210 has resistanceitis slightly heated by the currents owing therethrough. The circuit then extends through the contact 219 which is mounted on the iront end of the strip 210 and thence through the contact 2'58 which is attached'to the `armature 2&2, thence through an appropriate connecticnto lead wire 230. The winding 2830i the relay is connected directly across the lead wires 239 and 23|.

In this form as the strip 210 exes due to the starting or load current flowing therethrough, it moves upwardly in the direction of arrow 290 and upon separating contact 219 and 258, the potential is applied across the winding v 283,v which being thereby energized draws the armature 252 downwardly and thus-more widely separates the contact 218 fromcontact 219. It f may be noted that the size of the aperture 269 inthe lug 266 prevents the bimetallic strip 210 i vfrom being drawn downwardly by the actuation of the armature 242 in case there is any burning or sticking of the contacts which occasioned a partial opening of the circuit. Thus', when the #armature 242 operates should the contacts 218 and `219 be hung' together, the downward movef ment of the'armature would vcontinue until the strip 21|) is drawn against the boundary of the f aperture '269 in'the lug and then'the strip 210,

beingV more rmly restrained,.the contacts 'are drawn firmly apart.

In Figures 11 and 12'there is illustrated a small compact formA of the invention similar to that shown in FigurelO but with the ambient temperature compensation strip 265 removed and with added adjustment for the datum position 'lof the armature. -In'the device shown in Figures 11 and l2 the case 320 is lined with an insulating end washer -324 and insulating cylindrical shield 319 which serves to position'and centrally locate y the two ber or plastic washers 325 and 326.

These washers are slipped onto a vsquare or rectangular core bolt 330 and are' held in place between the pole pieces 321 and 328, the latter being drawn down tight in assembled relation by the nut 33| on theend of bolt 330. Pole piece `328 is provided with a single-turn shading pole winding 329.

The ber washer-'S325 and 326 are notched, as shown at 332 on washer 326 (Figure l2), so as to provide space for the armature '334 which is fw mountedr through a cut-out in pole piece 321.

vThe pole piece`3'21 has a trlfurcated upper end,

thejmiddle furcation 335 being bent to the left `(in-Figure 11)y so as tolform a; perch'io the bi- 9 metallic strip 336 which is mounted in insulated relation thereon by insulation washers 331 and rivets 338. The side furcations 333 and 340 (Figure 12 especially) are bent to the right (in Figure ll) and slightly downwardly, and provide a bendable adjustment stop against which the relay armature 334 abuts. The pieces 339 and 340 can be bent slightly during manufacturing adjustment, so as to establish the point (and consequently the temperature) at which contacts 34| and 342, which are mounted upon armature 334 and bimetallic strip 336, respectively, close. Spring 344 is attached at its lower end to a turned up nib 345 in a lower outward projection of the pole piece 3'21 and is attached at its upper end to an aperture in that portion of armature 334 which protrudes through the slot in pole piece 321. A very flexible pig tail connection 346 is connected between the armature 334 and pole piece 321 so as to by-pass any current that might otherwise tend to flow through spring 344 and thus heat and ruin it. The coil 350 is connected to the bimetal strip 336 and to the pole piece 321.

and is hence connected "across" the contacts 34| and 342 and is consequently energized when the contacts open. The bimetal strip and the tab 355 on pole piece 321 extend through slits in the fiber washers 35| and 352 and through a gum rubber washer 353 which is situated between the fiber closure washers, The gum rubber is compressed and expanded when the case is beaded closed and firmly seals the entire unit against moisture, dirt and entrance of air or gases. The unit being sealed is consequently proof against nre hazards and a motor controlled by it is explosion proof, even though the motor is otherwise ventilated. Circuit'connections are made to the protruding inwardly bent tab 354 (of the bimetal strip) and to the tab 355 of the pole piece 321. Depending upon the resistance characteristics of the bimetal strip 336, the unit may be used for motor starting control, as at 26 in Figures 8 and 9, or for overload control as, for example, at in Figure 9.

As many apparently widely diierent embodiments of this invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, it is to be understood that I do not limit myself to the specific embodiments` herein except as dened by the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. In a single phase electric motor having a starting winding and a running winding, the irnprovement comprising a relay having a relay windingr and an armature operated thereby, said relay winding being connectable in series with said starting winding to form a starting winding branch which as a whole is connected in parallel with the running Winding of the motor, said relay winding having'an impedance suiliciently high to limit current therethrough to a negligible minimum but sufficient to maintain said relay actuated when the motor is energized and running, a pair of normally closed starting contacts connected across said relay winding for effectively shunting said relay winding from series connection in the starting windingl branch, thermally actuated means responsive to heat generated by starting current flowing through said contacts and starting winding for opening -said contacts slightly, thereby to remove said shunt across the relay winding to permit said winding to be energized and operate the relay armature, and means actuated by the operation of the armature positively to move said contacts to widely opened l0 condition when the relay winding is energized.

2. In a single phase electric motor having a running winding and a starting winding, the improvement comprising a unit motor starting relay having a winding and an armature actuated thereby, said relay winding being connectable in series with the starting winding of the motor to form a starting branch which as a whole is then connected in parallel with the running winding, said relay winding having a sufliciently high impedance such that during normal running of the motor it limits the current through the starting winding to a negligible amount as compared with the total operating current of the motor but still to an amount sufiicient to maintain the relay armature operated, a pair of motor starting ccntacts mounted with reference to the armature of the relay so as to be closed when the relay winding is de-energized and positively opened when the relay is energized, said motor starting contacts being connected in shunt with the relay winding so as to carry the starting current through the contacts when they are closed, bimetallic thermal means responsive to the heat generated by the current flowing through said starting Winding when the motor is energized with said contacts closed for initially slightly opening said contacts thereby to energize the relay winding and cause actuation of the armature thereof.

3. The improvements of claim 1 further characterized in that one of said contacts is mounted in fixed position and the other is carried by said thermal meanswhich in turn forms a part of the relay armature and is mounted in such a position that when the relay is de-energized and no current is iicwing through the starting winding the thermal means maintains the contacts closed. 4. The improvements of claim lfurther characterized in that one of said contacts isy mounted on said relay armature and the other is carried by said thermal means in such a position that when the relay is de-energized and no current is owing through the starting Winding, the thermal means maintains the contacts closed, said thermal means being mounted so as to be movable with reference to the armature when the relay is de-energized and said thermal means is actuated, said' armature being formed so as to move said contact carried thereby to open circuit position when the relay is energized upon initial opening-of the contacts by said thermal means.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 further characterized in that said relay winding, relay armature, contacts and thermally actuated means are sealed in'a small container having a mountingr lug extending therefrom, said mounting lug being shaped so as Vto hold the small container in spaced relation t0 an adjacent surface when the lug is fastened to said surface.

. 6. In a single phase electric motor having a shell, rotor and starting` and running windings, the improvement comprising a starting switch unit in a sealed 4container ofsmallsize and having a mounting ,bracketthereonlfor fastening the container within or on `the motor shell but in spaced relation to magnetically permeable por-l tions of .the motorrfor `controlling the starting winding of the motor, said container including a relay coil and an armature operated thereby, connection leads from the coil and through the container forming the sole electrical connection by which the coll maybe connected to the starting winding of the motor, said relay including a pair` of contacts within the container connected'in shunt with the coil of the relay and across' said connector leads and positioned so as to Ybe. closedl when the relay coil is de-energized, thermal within thel sealed container responsive to the heat produced by starting current flowing through said contacts for initially slightly opening the contacts and means for positively and fully opening said contacts when the armature is actuated due to energization of the relay coil upon initial slight opening of the contacts, said armature being incapable of initiating the opening oi said contacts, the impedance of the relay coil being sufliciently large to reduce the current through the relay coil and a starting winding connectable thereto vto an unobjecticnable minimum when the contacts are open, said minimum current being suflicient however to hold the-relay armature operated.

7. The apparatus of claim 6 further characterized in that said thermal` mea-ns is a bimetallic strip and carries one of the contacts, said armature carrying the other contact and having al datum position when cle-energized, the contact actuated by said strip being initially opened from engagement with its cooperating armature carried contact-when said strip is heatedin response to starting'current iiowing through said contacts.

8. The apparatus of claim 6 further characterized in that said thermal means is a'bimetallie strip mounted on the relay armature, said'armature Yhaving a datum lpcsition'when de-energized, and one contact is carried by and actuated by said strip so as `to be initially opened from en'- gaaement with its cooperating'contaet when said strip is heated in response to starting current flowing throughsaid strip and thence through said contacts and then widely opened by actuation of said armature.

9. An article` of manufacture comprising a closed container of small size adapted to be fitted into a small space such as a space in the housing of a small single phase motor `having starting and running windings, a starting switch mechanism for controlling the current through the starting winding of such motors fitted entirely within and sealed within said housing and ccnstltuting the entire motors startine` switch mechanism, said mechanism witbinsaid container including a relay having a coil` and an armature actuated when the coll is energized, a pair of circuit connections extending into said closed con-v tainer but insulated therefrom and constituting motor starting switch connections, a pair of contacts within'the container connected to the connections to close a circuit through said connections, said relay coil within the container being connected across said contacts, means entirely within said small container ,includinga device responsive to the heat generated by starting winding current ilowingthrough said contacts for initially slightly Yopeningsaid'coltacts thereby to cause energization. of the". relay'` coil,V connected across said'contacts, and means including said armature forrnoving said contactsto'fully open condition when the .armature moves'in response to such energization of the relay coil.

10. The article of manufacture described in claim 9 .further characterized in that the housing is a small cylindrical capsule and is 'iitted with a mounting bracket extendingV to atleast one side of said capsule for holding'the capsule in spaced relation to a surface to which the bracket is fastened.Y

11. The article vof `manufacture described 1in' claim 9 further characterized in that saiddevice responsive to heat isa 'blmetal strip, one of said ccntacts being mountedv on the strip so that thev starting' winding current is .carried therethrough and the strip accordingly heated.

12. rEhe article lof manufacture :described inA claim ll further characterizedinthat the armature is provided'with a stop which establishes aw fixed position for the armature when the relay coil is cle-energized,l said contacts being'then closed and thereafter opened when the bimetal strip flexes due toY heatingbyrcurrent fiowing therethrough.

13. The article of manufacture described iny claim 12 further characterized iin that the stop is controlled by a second blmetal strip responsive to ambient temperature so as to maintain reasonably constant, despite variations in ambient temperature, the amountof heating required to flex, the iirst bimetal strip-aud thereby initially open the contacts.

As an article ol' manufacture a motor con-r trol swltch comprising `asxnall metalcapsule closed at one end; an insulating-closure for the' other end, the metal capsule'and closure .beingV sealed so as to form a. sealed container, a; strip extending through uthe. closure' and s' forming a first connection terminal outside the closure and'` having Ya irec endextendingiwithin the icapsule, said ree endr within the Vcapsule `being ofbimetal and movable asthe stripgisgheatedand cooled,v

a metal relay frame within Vthe capsule and insulated fromxthev capsule and ,bimetal' strip, said frame hai/inge tab extending through the closure and forming a second-connection terminal outside the closure, arelaycoil mounted withinthe-cap- Y suie on the metal framaan armature electrically connected tothe relayframeandhaving a free end, said armaturebeinginountedon said relay frame in aposition; generallyfparallel to the free end oi the bimetal ,strip with vthe free ends of the armature and bimetal strip adjacent, meansfor biasing the armaturetowardslsaid strip, a.

panini contacts, one being mountedon the armature and theother Yonthebimetal strip in positionsy to engageeachlotherwhen the free ends ofthe armature and strip move relatively towardsr each other, said bimetal stripwhen heated being movable away from the armature, the armat re being movable away from the strip.. when the relay coil is energized and toward the strip when the coil is de-energized, a. stop for determining the position of said armature with reference to the free end of the bimetal strip when the relay coil is cie-energized, said relay coil having one terminal connected to the bimetal strip and the other connected to the relay frame.

RICHARD F. SPURCK.

REFERENCES CITED The following references areoi record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES; PATENTS Certificate of Correction Patent No. 2,505,691 April 25, 1950 RICHARD F. SPURC It is hereby oertiied that error appears in the printed specieation of the above numbered patent requiring correction es follows:

Column 10, line 26, after the Word Winding insert and said starting contacts;

and that the said Letters Patent should be rend With this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 22nd day of August, A. D. 1950.

[SEAL] THOMAS F. MURPHY,

Assistant Uommz'sszoner of Patents.

Certificate of Correction Patent No. 2,505,691 April 25, 1950 RICHARD F. SPURCK It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed speeioation of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows:

Column 10, line 26, after the Word Winding insert and said starting contacts;

and that the said Letters Patent should be read With this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Ofice.

Signed and sealed this 22nd day of August, A. D. 1950.

[SEAL] THOMAS F. MURPHY,

Assistant Commissioner of Patents.

Certcate of Correetion Patent No. 2,505,691 April 25, 1950 RICHARD F. SPURCK It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed speeioation of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows:

Column 10, line 26, after the Word Winding insert cmd said starting contacts;

and that the said Letters Patent should he read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 22nd day of August, A. D. 1950.

[SEAL] THOMAS F. MURPHY,

Assistant# Gommzssz'oner of Patents. 

